ASME SA-562/SA-562M
SA562 Pressure Vessel Steel Plate Product-Performance
Technical Datasheet
Carbon-manganese pressure vessel steel plate with micro-alloying elements (Nb, V, Ti, B), supplied in as-rolled, normalized, or normalized and tempered condition. Good strength and toughness for moderate temperature service in petrochemical and general pressure vessel applications.
1. SA562 Material Identification & ASTM ASME Standards
Standards
- ASTM A562 / ASME SA562
- ASTM A20/A20M (General Requirements)
- ASME BPVC Section II Part A
Alloy Type
C-Mn-Microalloyed
Grade Classification
- SA562 (C-Mn microalloyed) ← This Spec
- SA662 Class A / B / C (C-Mn)
- SA516 Gr.70 (C-Mn)
- SA537 Class 1 / 2 (C-Mn-Si)
2. SA562 Chemical Composition & Ladle Analysis Requirements
2.1 SA562 Chemical Composition Limits
| Element | Smelting Analysis | Finished Product Analysis |
|---|---|---|
| C, ≤ | 0.12 | 0.12 |
| Mn, ≤ | 1.20 | 1.30 |
| Si | 0.15-0.50 | 0.15-0.50 |
| S, ≤ | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| P, ≤ | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| Nb | ≥4×C | ≥4×C |
| B, ≤ | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Cr | ... | |
| Mo | ... | |
| Ni | ... | |
| V | ... | |
| Ti | ... | |
| Cu | ... | |
| Ca | ... | |
| Zr | ... | |
| Others | ... | |
Carbon Equivalent (CE)
CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15
Typical value: 0.30-0.42 (depending on actual composition)
Note: Nb ≥4×C provides grain refinement and strength; B ≤0.15% improves hardenability
3. SA562 Mechanical Properties & Tensile Strength Specification
3.1 SA562 Tensile Properties
| Property | Standard Value | Test Method | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength Rm | 380-515 MPa | ASTM A370 | Transverse specimen |
| Yield Strength ReH | >=205 MPa | ASTM A370 | Upper yield strength |
| Elongation A (8in./200mm) | >=22% | ASTM A370 | Per A20/A20M |
| Elongation A (2in./50mm) | >=26% | ASTM A370 | Per A20/A20M |
| Charpy Impact KV₂ | ... | — | By agreement |
3.2 Charpy Impact Test Requirements for SA562
Standard Grade
Impact testing not required by standard
Moderate Temperature ServiceLow Temperature Service
- Impact testing by agreement
- Can be supplied with Charpy V-notch testing
- Typical test temperature: -20°C to 0°C
3.3 SA562 Hardness & Brinell Hardness Limits
- As-supplied condition: Typically ≤200 HBW
- NACE service environment: Weld & HAZ ≤250 HV10
4. SA562 As-Rolled, Normalized or Normalized + Tempered: Heat Treatment Guide
1
As-Rolled (AR)
Applicable for thin plates
Limited to thickness ≤40mm
→
2
Normalized or Normalized + Tempered
Normalizing: 900-950°C
Or N + T: 900-950°C + 600-650°C
Cooling: Air
→
3
Simulated PWHT (SPWHT)
600-650°C × 2-4h
For property verification
Critical Control Points:
- SA562 can be supplied as-rolled, normalized, or normalized + tempered
- Normalizing temperature: 900-950°C, air cool
- Tempering temperature: 600-650°C (if applicable)
- Thicker plates generally require normalizing for consistent properties
5. SA562 Welding Procedure Specification (WPS/PQR)
5.1 SA562 Welding Procedure Specification WPS
SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc) SAW (Submerged Arc) GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc) FCAW (Flux Cored)
5.2 SA562 Preheat & Interpass Temperature Chart
| Thickness Range | Min Preheat Temp | Recommended Preheat | Max Interpass Temp |
|---|---|---|---|
| <=25mm | Not required | 50-100°C | 250-300°C |
| >25-50mm | 100°C | 100-150°C | |
| >50mm | 100°C | 150-200°C |
5.3 Recommended Welding Consumables for SA562
| Process | AWS Classification | Strength Match | Hydrogen Control |
|---|---|---|---|
| SMAW | E7018, E7018-H4 | 70 ksi | Low Hydrogen (H4) |
| GTAW | ER70S-3, ER70S-6 | 70 ksi | Shielding: Ar |
| FCAW | E71T-1 | 70 ksi | Self/ Gas Shielded |
| SAW | F7A2-EM12K, F7P2-EM12K | 70 ksi | Flux bake 300°C*2h |
5.4 SA562 PWHT Requirements & Post Weld Heat Treatment
Temperature Range 600-650°C
Holding Time 1h/25mm thickness (min 30min)
Heating Rate <=150°C/h
Cooling Rate <=150°C/h (to 300°C)
PWHT Notes:
- PWHT is required for thicker sections and when specified
- Tempering temperature must be carefully controlled to avoid over-tempering
- Cooling rate should be controlled to prevent residual stresses
6. SA562 Moderate Temperature Service & Toughness
6.1 SA562 Service Properties
Service Capability
- Moderate temperature service up to 400°C
- Good strength and toughness balance
- Niobium microalloying provides grain refinement
- Good weldability
Applications
- Pressure vessels
- Boilers
- Storage tanks
- General fabrication
6.2 SA562 Temperature Limitations
SA562 is suitable for moderate temperature service:
- Recommended maximum service temperature: 400°C
- Not recommended for elevated temperature creep service
- For high temperature service, consider Cr-Mo grades (SA387 series)
7. SA562 Inspection & NDT Testing Methods
7.1 Non-Destructive Testing
UT ASTM A578/A578M Level C (Most Strict)
MT ASTM A275/A275M Surface Crack Detection
PT ASTM A165 Surface Open Defects
RT ASME V Article 2 Weld Internal Quality
7.2 Specimen Orientation & Location
Transverse (T)
Preferred for tensile & impact
Reflects transverse properties
Longitudinal (L)
Only when width insufficient
Higher strength, lower toughness
Thickness Position
1/4T or 1/2T
Represents worst location
7.3 Retest Procedures
- Tensile failure: Double retest from same plate; plate acceptable if both pass
- Impact failure: Additional 3 sets (9 specimens) from same plate; average must meet requirement with individual values >=70% of specified
- UT failure: Defect removal and re-inspection or rejection
8. SA562 Physical Properties & Thermal Conductivity
Density
7.85
g/cm3 (20°C)
Melting Point
~1510
°C
Thermal Conductivity
40-45
W/(m*K) (20-100°C)
Linear Expansion
11.5
*10-6/°C (20-300°C)
Specific Heat
460-500
J/(kg*K) (20°C)
Elastic Modulus
200-210
GPa (20°C)
9. SA562 Dimensions & Thickness Tolerance ASTM A20
9.1 Available Dimensions
Thickness 6-200 mm (Standard 6-100mm)
Width 1500-4350 mm
Length 3000-27000 mm
Unit Weight Max 60 MT
9.2 Thickness Tolerances (ASTM A20)
| Nominal Thickness | Class A (Unrestricted) | Class B (Restricted) |
|---|---|---|
| 6-25mm | +1.20mm, -0.30mm | +/-0.60mm |
| >25-50mm | +1.50mm, -0.30mm | +/-0.80mm |
| >50-100mm | +2.40mm, -0.30mm | +/-1.20mm |
10. SA562 Mill Test Certificate & EN 10204 3.2 Documentation
EN 10204 3.1
Manufacturer Test Certificate
Based on non-specific inspection
EN 10204 3.2
Third Party Inspection Certificate
Witnessed by customer or third party
ASME Data Report
Form CM-1
For ASME stamped equipment
Mill Test Certificate must include:
- ✓Heat number, plate number, batch traceability
- ✓Chemical composition (ladle + product analysis)
- ✓Mechanical properties (tensile, impact)
- ✓Heat treatment records (temperature-time curves)
- ✓NDT reports (UT/MT etc.)
- ✓Dimensional inspection records
11. SA562 Equivalent Grades: C-Mn-Microalloyed Steel Comparison
| Grade | Standard | Country | Yield MPa |
Tensile MPa |
Nb Content % |
Key Differences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SA562 | ASME | USA | >=205 | 380-515 | ≥4×C | ASME BPVC, Nb-microalloyed C-Mn steel |
| SA662 Class B | ASME | USA | >=275 | 400-500 | - | Higher yield, no Nb microalloying |
| SA516 Gr.70 | ASME | USA | >=260 | 485-620 | - | Higher strength C-Mn steel, no Nb |
| P355GH | EN 10028-2 | Europe | >=355 | 510-650 | - | European equivalent, higher strength |
Service Temperature Notes:
- SA562: Moderate temperature service up to 400°C
- SA662 Class B: Similar temperature capability, higher yield strength
- SA516 Gr.70: Higher strength C-Mn steel
- P355GH: European equivalent with higher strength
- Carbon-manganese steel requires controlled welding procedures for thicker sections
Warning: Equivalent grades are approximate. Project-specific Gap Analysis and PQR qualification required. For elevated temperature service, consider Cr-Mo grades (SA387 series).
12. SA562 Design Considerations & Fabrication Guidelines
Design Considerations
- Moderate temperature service: SA562 suitable for service up to 400°C
- Not for elevated temperature creep service: Use Cr-Mo grades for temperatures above 400°C
- Thickness effect: As plate thickness increases, strength and toughness decrease; allowable design stress must be interpolated per ASME II-D Table 1A
Fabrication Considerations
- Cold forming: Good formability, bend radius recommended >=2t (t=plate thickness)
- Hot forming: Forming temperature 900-950°C, normalizing required after forming
- Machining: Good machinability in normalized condition
- Welding: Good weldability with proper procedures
Common Failure Mode Prevention
- Hydrogen-induced cold cracking: Strict low-hydrogen practice for thickness >25mm, control diffusible hydrogen <=5 mL/100g
- Lamellar tearing: Use Z-quality steel for critical through-thickness applications
- Brittle fracture: Ensure adequate toughness for low temperature service